Ngokuqaliswa okusemthethweni "kwe-plastic ban order", "abathengi abakhulu" bokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki, njengezitolo ezinkulu kanye nezinto ezithathwayo, ezweni lonke laqala ukwethula izinyathelo zokunciphisa ipulasitiki kanye nezinyathelo zesikhashana. Ochwepheshe bathi ukulawula ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kuhilela zonke izici, futhi ukugaywa kabusha nokulahlwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezonakele kufanele kube nezinhlelo ezihambisanayo ezisekelayo, ezidinga isikhathi esithile sokuzijwayeza. Kufanele sigxile ezigabeni ezibalulekile nezindawo ezibalulekile kuqala, futhi sakhe isipiliyoni esithile ngaphambi kokusiduma kancane kancane, ukuze sikhuthaze ukulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki ngendlela ehlelekile.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, Ikhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye Nomnyango Wezemvelo Nemvelo bakhiphe Imibono Yokuqiniswa Kakhudlwana Ukwelashwa Kokungcoliswa Kwepulasitiki, eyahlukaniswa yaba izikhathi ezintathu: 2020, 2022 kanye no-2025, futhi yachaza izinjongo zomsebenzi ukuqinisa ukwelashwa kokungcola kwepulasitiki ngezigaba. Ngo-2020, hamba phambili ekuvimbeleni nasekubekeni imingcele ukukhiqizwa, ukuthengiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kweminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki kwezinye izindawo nezinkambu. Umthetho osanda kubuyekezwa kadoti oqinile, oqale ukusebenza ngoSepthemba 1, 2020, uphinde waqinisa izimfuneko ezifanele zokulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, futhi wenze kwacaca izibopho ezingokomthetho zezenzo ezingekho emthethweni ezifanele.
Kusukela ngo-January 1 kulo nyaka, "i-plastic ban order" isiqalile ukusebenza. Ingabe wonke amaphathi alungile?
UShangchao washintshela ezikhwameni zepulasitiki ezonakele
Intatheli ithole ukuthi izifundazwe ezingu-31 sezikhiphe izinhlelo zokusebenza noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene nokulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki. Sithatha iBeijing njengesibonelo, iBeijing Plastic Pollution Control Action Plan (2020-2025) igxile ezimbonini eziyisithupha ezibalulekile, okuyizokupheka, inkundla yokukhipha impahla, izitolo ezinkulu nezitolo, ukulethwa kwe-e-commerce express, umbukiso wendawo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezolimo, futhi iqinisa ipulasitiki. imizamo yokunciphisa. Phakathi kwazo, embonini yezokupheka, iyadingeka ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-2020, imboni yezokupheka yedolobha lonke izokwenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha zepulasitiki ezingaboli, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingaboli ukuze zikhishwe (kuhlanganise nephakeji lokudlela) izinsiza. ezindaweni ezakhiwe, kanye nezitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo ezingaboli ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zokudlela ezindaweni ezakhiwe kanye nezindawo ezinhle.
“Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2021, izikhwama zokuthenga ezithengiswa esitolo sethu zonke ziyizikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele, isikhwama esisodwa esikhulu esingu-1.2 yuan nesikhwama esincane esisodwa emakhoneni angu-6. Uma kunesidingo, sicela uzithenge ehhovisi likasheshi.” Ngomhla zi-5 kuMasingana, intatheli yafika e-Meilianmei Supermarket, e-Ande Road, esifundeni sase-Xicheng, e-Beijing. Ukusakazwa kwesitolo esikhulu bekukhipha ulwazi olufanele. Izikhwama zepulasitiki ezonakaliswayo zibekwe endaweni yokukhokha yezitolo ezinkulu kanye nendawo yokuphuma yokuskena yekhodi yokuzisiza, futhi amanani ayamakwa. Iningi lamakhasimende angaphezu kuka-30 akhokhela ama-akhawunti asebenzise izikhwama zawo zokuthenga ezingalukiwe, futhi amakhasimende athile aphushela izimpahla endaweni yokuphuma yezitolo ezinkulu azilayisha kuma-trailer okuthenga.
“Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amakhasimende amaningi asenomkhuba wokusebenzisa izikhwama zokuthenga ezigaywa kabusha.” Umuntu ofanelekile ophethe i-Wumart Group utshele intatheli ukuthi njengamanje, zonke izitolo nokulethwa kwe-Wumart Group eBeijing naseTianjin kuthathelwe indawo izikhwama zepulasitiki ezonakele. Uma sibheka kusukela ekusetshenzisweni ezinsukwini zakamuva, umthamo wokuthengiswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezikhokhelwayo zehlile uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esidlule, kodwa akubonakali.
Intatheli ibone esitolo esikhulu sakwaWal-Mart eduze kwaseXuanwumen, eBeijing ukuthi umuntu othatha imali kanye nomuntu ozisebenzelayo nabo banezikhwama zokuthenga ezonakele. Kuphinde kube neziqubulo ezidonsa amehlo phambi kuka-cashier, ezicela amakhasimende ukuthi athathe izikhwama eziluhlaza asebenze njengezishoshovu “zokunciphisa upulasitiki”.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki kuyakhuthazwa futhi emkhakheni wokukhipha ukudla neziphuzo. Umuntu onomthwalo wemfanelo we-Meituan Takeaway uthe i-Meituan izonikeza ukudlala okugcwele ezinzuzweni zokuxhuma abathengisi nabasebenzisi, ihlanganise izinsiza zemboni, futhi ibambisane nezimboni ezikhuphukayo nezingezansi ukuze kukhuthazwe ngokuhlanganyela ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikelwa kwemvelo komkhakha. Mayelana nokuncishiswa kokupakisha, ngaphezu kwenketho ethi “akukho mishini yetafula edingekayo” kulayini, i-Meituan Takeaway isuse izikhwama zokupakisha zepulasitiki ezijwayelekile kanye notshani emakethe yesevisi yomthengisi, yamisa indawo yokuvikela imvelo, futhi yethula abahlinzeki bempahla abahlukahlukene bokuvikela imvelo. ukwandisa ngokuqhubekayo ukunikezwa kwemikhiqizo yokupakisha yokuvikela imvelo.
Ama-oda wezitshani eziwohlokayo akhule kakhulu
Ekupheleni kuka-2020, izitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo ezingaboli zizovalwa embonini yokudla ezweni lonke. Ingabe uzokwazi ukuphuza ngenjabulo esikhathini esizayo?
UWang Jianhui, inhloko yomnyango wezobudlelwano bomphakathi eBeijing McDonald's, utshele izintatheli ukuthi kusukela ngoJuni 30, 2020, abathengi ezindaweni zokudlela ezibalelwa ku-1,000 XNUMX zakwaMcDonald's eBeijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou naseShenzhen bakwazile ukuphuza iziphuzo ezibandayo ngaphandle kokuqinile ngokusebenzisa izivalo zenkomishi ezintsha. . Njengamanje, Indawo yokudlela yase-Beijing McDonald's isisebenzise izidingo zenqubomgomo ezifanele, njengokumisa zonke izitsha zepulasitiki, ukushintsha izikhwama zokufaka isiphuzo ngezikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolile, kanye nokusebenzisa izinto zokusika ngokhuni zezitsha ezilahlwayo.
Ngaphezu kwesixazululo sesivalo senkomishi yokuphuza okuqondile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zotshani obunakakayo obukhuthazwa kabanzi emakethe njengamanje: eyodwa iyizinhlanga zephepha; Kukhona ne-polylactic acid (PLA) straw, ngokuvamile emulsified nge-starch-based materials futhi inokubola okuhle kwe-biodegradability. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani bensimbi engagqwali, ama-bamboo straws, njll. nakho kuyimikhiqizo ehlukile yokuzikhethela.
Ngesikhathi ivakashele ikhofi i-Luckin, i-Starbucks, i-Little Milk Tea nezinye izitolo zeziphuzo zohlobo lwe-brand, intatheli ithole ukuthi amapulastiki alahlwayo ayengasahlinzeki, kodwa kwase kufakwe izitsha zephepha noma izitsha zepulasitiki ezibolayo.
Ngobusuku bangoJanuwari 4, lapho intatheli ixoxa no-Li Erqiao, umphathi jikelele we-Zhejiang Yiwu Shuangtong Daily Necessities Co., Ltd., wayematasa exhumanisa umthamo wokukhiqiza wemikhiqizo yotshani. Njengebhizinisi elihamba phambili embonini yotshani, Inkampani yeShuangtong ingahlinzeka ngotshani be-polylactic acid, utshani bephepha, utshani bensimbi engagqwali neminye imikhiqizo kumakhasimende ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
“Muva nje, inani lama-oda atholwe ifektri liye laqhuma, futhi ama-oda afakwe ngo-April.” U-Li Erqiao uthe ngaphambi kokuthi “ukuvalwa kwepulasitiki” kuqale ukusebenza, nakuba uShuangtong enikeza amakhasimende amathiphu, amakhasimende amaningi abesesimeni sokulinda nokubona, futhi ayeshoda ngesitoko kusenesikhathi, okuholele “ekuphahlazekeni” iyala manje. “Okwamanje, amandla amaningi okukhiqiza enkampani asefakwe ekukhiqizweni kotshani obuwohlokayo, futhi abanye abasebenzi ababambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni utshani bepulasitiki obujwayelekile sebelungiselwe ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo eyonakele, ngaleyo ndlela andisa ukuqala kwemishini.”
"Okwamanje, singahlinzeka ngamathani angu-30 emikhiqizo eyonakala nsuku zonke, futhi sizoqhubeka nokwandisa umthamo wokukhiqiza esikhathini esizayo." U-Li Erqiao uthe njengoba sekusondele uMkhosi Wasentwasahlobo, amakhasimende amaningi adinga ukuqoqa kusenesikhathi, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ama-oda aqhubeke nokukhula ngokuzayo.
Khuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki yokunciphisa ngendlela ehlelekile
Engxoxweni, intatheli ifunde ukuthi izindleko nolwazi lweminye imikhiqizo sekuyizici ezibalulekile osomabhizinisi abangazikhetha. Uma sithatha utshani njengesibonelo, intengo yotshani obujwayelekile bepulasitiki ilinganiselwa ku-8,000 yuan ithani ngalinye, izinhlanga ze-polylactic acid zicishe zibe ngu-40,000 yuan ngethani, kanti izitsha zephepha zilinganiselwa ku-22,000 yuan ithani ngalinye, okulingana nokuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kwepulasitiki. utshani.
Ekuhlangenwe nakho kokusetshenziswa, utshani bephepha akulula ukungena kwifilimu yokuvala, futhi alufakwanga; Abanye baze babe nephunga le-pulp noma i-glue, okuthinta kakhulu ukunambitheka kwesiphuzo ngokwaso. I-Polylactic acid straw kulula ukubola, ngakho umjikelezo wokuphila komkhiqizo wayo mfushane.
U-Li Erqiao uthe ngokombono wesidingo samakhasimende, ama-polylactic acid straws akhethwa kakhulu emakethe yokudla, futhi isipiliyoni sokusebenzisa singcono. Ziningi izitshani zephepha emakethe yamashaneli ngoba isikhathi seshalofu side.
“Okwamanje izindleko zamapulastiki awonakalayo zizokwenyuka
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-30-2021
